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Kidney stones, otherwise called renal calculi, are hard stores that structure in the kidneys. They are typically composed of minerals and salts, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid. Kidney stones vary in size and shape, ranging from tiny grains to larger, jagged stones. They can cause intense pain and discomfort when they block the urinary tract, impeding the normal flow of urine.
Stay Hydrated: Adequate hydration is crucial in preventing kidney stone formation. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your urine diluted, which helps to flush out minerals and prevent the buildup of stone-forming substances.
Dietary Modifications: Depending on the type of kidney stone you have, certain dietary adjustments may be recommended. For instance, if you have calcium oxalate stones, it's important to limit your intake of oxalate-rich foods such as spinach, rhubarb, chocolate, and certain nuts. If you have uric acid stones, reducing purine-rich foods like organ meats, shellfish, and beer may be beneficial.
Medications: In some cases, medications may be prescribed to aid in the dissolution or prevention of kidney stones. These medications can help adjust the chemical balance in the urine to discourage stone formation or facilitate their breakdown.
Pain Management: Kidney stones often cause severe pain, which can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medication. It's essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper pain management, especially if the pain becomes unbearable.
Medical Procedures: Depending on the size and location of the kidney stone, medical procedures may be required to remove or break them into smaller fragments for easier passage. These procedures include extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
Lifestyle Modifications: Making certain lifestyle changes can help prevent kidney stone recurrence. These include maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, reducing sodium intake, moderating alcohol consumption, and quitting smoking.
It is important to note that the treatment approach for kidney stones may vary depending on the specific characteristics of the stone and the individual's overall health. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan.
If you suspect you have kidney stones or are experiencing symptoms such as severe pain, blood in urine, or frequent urinary tract infections, seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare professional can provide a proper diagnosis and guide you through the most appropriate treatment options for your specific situation.
Ques. How are the operations of urinary kidney stone performed?
Ans: The activity of urinary stone relies upon the size and site of the stone (where it is found).
In the activity (cystolithotripsy) of stones situated in the pee pack (bladder) or pee tube (urethra), the stone is eliminated by telescope with no cut through the method of pee tube.
In the event of extremely huge stones, it is eliminated by getting through a little opening in the pee sack and utilizing optics (PCCLT).
The lower ureteric stone located in the lower part of the kidney tube is removed by breaking the stone without any incision by partial turning telescope.
There are several methods of operating for stones located in the upper part of the kidney or ureter.
PCNL (PCNL) In this operation, the stone is removed by breaking through a small hole in the kidney through the back and using a telescope.
RIRS (RIRS) In this activity, by the method of urinary lot, by adaptable telescope and laser (LASER), with no entry point, the stone is broken and made into sand.
ESWL (ESWL) In this method, an attempt is made to break the stone by focusing the sound waves on the stone, which depends on the hardness of the stone.
Sometimes, in case of very large stones, the stone located in the upper part of the ureter is removed by several microscopic holes in the abdomen and by telescope of the abdomen LAP PYELO/ URETERO LITHOTOMY.